dendritic cell的音標(biāo)為[dendi"t?s s?l]，基本翻譯為“樹(shù)突細(xì)胞”，速記技巧為“dendritic”諧音“天敵吃”。

Dendritic cell的英文詞源可以追溯到拉丁語(yǔ)“dendron”，意為樹(shù)或樹(shù)枝，而“cell”則表示小房間或單元。因此，dendritic cell可以理解為像樹(shù)枝一樣的細(xì)胞單元，通常指的是一類(lèi)特殊的免疫細(xì)胞，即樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞。

變化形式：復(fù)數(shù)形式為dendritic cells，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為dendriticized或dendriticized，現(xiàn)在分詞為dendriticizing。

相關(guān)單詞：

1. dendritic process - 樹(shù)突棘，是樹(shù)突細(xì)胞的一部分，用于與神經(jīng)元進(jìn)行更緊密的接觸和交流。

2. dendritic spine - 樹(shù)突棘，類(lèi)似于突觸的“針頭”，與神經(jīng)元之間的連接更為緊密。

3. antigen presenting cell - 抗原提呈細(xì)胞，是一種能夠攝取和處理抗原并將其展示給其他免疫細(xì)胞的白細(xì)胞，其中一種常見(jiàn)的類(lèi)型就是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞。

4. dendritic cell maturation - 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞成熟，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞經(jīng)歷一系列變化，最終轉(zhuǎn)化為成熟的免疫細(xì)胞，能夠產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大的免疫反應(yīng)。

5. dendritic lineage - 樹(shù)突樣系，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞的發(fā)育過(guò)程和相關(guān)基因表達(dá)。

6. dendritic migration - 樹(shù)突細(xì)胞的遷移，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)和體外的移動(dòng)過(guò)程，參與免疫反應(yīng)和組織修復(fù)。

7. dendritic activation - 樹(shù)突細(xì)胞的激活，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞受到特定刺激后，能夠產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的免疫反應(yīng)。

8. dendritic differentiation - 樹(shù)突細(xì)胞的分化，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞在發(fā)育過(guò)程中逐漸形成特定的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能特征。

9. dendritic cell lineage - 樹(shù)突細(xì)胞系，指的是與樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞相關(guān)的所有細(xì)胞類(lèi)型和發(fā)育過(guò)程。

10. dendritic migration and differentiation - 樹(shù)突細(xì)胞的遷移和分化，指的是樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞在體內(nèi)和體外移動(dòng)的同時(shí)，逐漸形成特定的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能特征。這些特征包括攝取和處理抗原、刺激免疫反應(yīng)等。

dendritic cell常用短語(yǔ)：

1. dendritic cell maturation 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞成熟

2. dendritic cell activation 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞激活

3. dendritic cell function 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞功能

4. dendritic cell-based therapy 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞療法

5. dendritic cell-derived chemokine 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞釋放的趨化因子

6. dendritic cell-specific protein 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞特異性蛋白

7. dendritic cell-mediated immunity 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的免疫

雙語(yǔ)例句：

1. The injection of antigen into the lymph node induced dendritic cell maturation and T cell activation. 將抗原注射到淋巴結(jié)中會(huì)誘導(dǎo)樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞成熟和T細(xì)胞激活。

2. The presence of dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment has been associated with poor prognosis in some cancers. 在某些癌癥中，腫瘤微環(huán)境中樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞的的存在與不良預(yù)后有關(guān)。

3. The dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment can stimulate the proliferation of T cells and enhance their anti-tumor activity. 腫瘤微環(huán)境中的樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞可以刺激T細(xì)胞的增殖并增強(qiáng)其抗腫瘤活性。

4. Dendritic cells are key players in the immune system, playing a crucial role in antigen presentation and T cell activation. 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞是免疫系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵角色，在抗原呈遞和T細(xì)胞激活方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。

5. Dendritic cell-based vaccines have been shown to be effective in treating some types of cancer. 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞疫苗已被證明在治療某些類(lèi)型的癌癥方面是有效的。

6. Dendritic cells are important for immune surveillance and are involved in the recognition of foreign substances. 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞對(duì)于免疫監(jiān)測(cè)非常重要，并且參與識(shí)別外來(lái)物質(zhì)。

7. Dendritic cells are key players in the immune response and play a crucial role in antigen presentation and T cell activation. 樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞在免疫反應(yīng)中扮演重要角色，在抗原呈遞和T細(xì)胞激活方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。

英文小作文：

Dendritic Cells: Guardians of the Immune System

Dendritic cells, also known as DCs, are important players in the immune system, responsible for detecting and responding to foreign substances such as viruses and bacteria. They act as sentinels, patrolling the body to detect any potential threats and alerting other immune cells to their presence.

Through their unique ability to capture, process, and present antigens to T cells, dendritic cells play a crucial role in initiating and maintaining immune responses. They also play a role in regulating the immune system by producing cytokines that influence the activity of other immune cells.

Dendritic cells can be found in various tissues and organs, including the skin, lungs, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. They are involved in immune surveillance, helping to maintain healthy tissues and preventing infections from developing into full-blown diseases.

Dendritic cell-based therapies have shown promise in treating some types of cancer, where they can stimulate the proliferation of T cells and enhance their anti-tumor activity. In addition, dendritic cells have also been used in vaccines to prevent diseases such as influenza and hepatitis B.

Overall, dendritic cells are essential for maintaining a healthy immune system and playing a key role in detecting and responding to foreign substances. Understanding their role in the body can help us develop better treatments for various diseases.