furlough的音標為["f??l??] ，基本翻譯為“休假；準許（某人）休假；寬限期；解雇”，速記技巧為“furl=卷起，ough=走，furlough=把卷起的衣服放下后走開”。

furlough的英文詞源：

“furl” 是折疊、卷起的意思。

“furlough” 是指員工或士兵的休假，其詞源可以追溯到中世紀時期，當時士兵在戰爭期間會暫時休假，而他們的武器和裝備則會被折疊和儲存起來，以備后續使用。

變化形式：復數形式是“furloughs”，過去式是“furloughed”，過去分詞是“furloughed”。

相關單詞：

1. “unfurl” - 展開、打開。

2. “re-furl” - 重新折疊、收起。

3. “per-furlough” - 多次休假。

4. “post-furlough” - 休假后、休假歸來。

5. “pre-furlough” - 休假前、休假前的準備。

6. “compensation-furlough” - 補償休假。

7. “forced-furlough” - 強制休假。

8. “voluntary-furlough” - 自愿休假。

9. “extended-furlough” - 延長休假。

10. “short-furlough” - 短暫休假。

以上這些單詞都與“furlough”有著密切的聯系，反映了人們對于休假和軍事制度的認知和演變。

常用短語：

1. furlough employees

2. take a furlough

3. furlough period

4. partial furlough

5. permanent furlough

6. lay off and furlough

7. furlough for a week

例句：

1. The company has decided to furlough employees due to the economic downturn.

2. She took a two-week furlough from work to relax and refresh herself.

3. The factory has been operating on a partial furlough basis for the past few months.

4. The company has permanently furloughed many workers due to the closure of the factory.

5. They were laid off and then furloughed for a week during the economic crisis.

6. Furlough days are a great way to relax and unwind after a busy work week.

7. Furloughing employees during the holidays can help reduce employee turnover and improve morale.

英文小作文：

Furlough is a term commonly used in the workplace to refer to a period of time when employees are temporarily not working due to various reasons, such as economic downturns, company restructuring, or personal leave. Furlough can be a challenging experience for employees, but it can also be a valuable opportunity for them to recharge their batteries and regain their focus on work when they return.

For companies, furlough can be a cost-effective way of managing employee absences and reducing turnover rates, while also providing an opportunity to improve employee morale and engagement levels. However, it is important for companies to communicate clearly with employees about the reasons for their furlough and provide support and resources when they return to work.

In conclusion, furlough is a common practice in the workplace that can have both positive and negative impacts on employees and companies. It is essential to manage it effectively and ensure that it is beneficial for all parties involved.