grudging的音標為[gr?d???]，基本翻譯為“勉強的；吝嗇的；怨恨的”。速記技巧為：gru（看作grate）+ d???（看作jing）→勉強地給錢→grudging。

grudging，詞源同grudge。其英文詞源可以追溯到古英語中的grēdan，意為“吝嗇的，小氣的”。

變化形式：過去式grudged、過去分詞grudged、現在分詞grudging、復數形式grudges。

相關單詞：

1. begrudgingly：不情愿地，勉強地。

例句：He begrudgingly agreed to help us.

2. grudgingly：不滿地，不情愿地。

例句：He gave a grudging nod.

3. grudge-hunting：嫉妒，懷恨。

例句：He was grudge-hunting because he felt he had been passed over for promotion.

這些單詞都與“grudging”這個單詞有著密切的關聯，它們都表示對某事或某人不滿或吝嗇的態度。這些單詞在英語中經常被用來描述那些對他人或事物持有不滿或吝嗇態度的人或情況。

grudging短語：

1. Grudgingly 勉強地

2. Grudge against 怨恨

3. Grudge worker 勉強應付的人

4. Grudge a person 對某人有怨恨

5. Grudge a thing 對某事不滿

6. Grudge a thing against 對某事不滿

7. Grudge a person"s opinion 對某人的意見不滿

雙語例句：

1. She gave me a grudging smile. 她勉強給了我一個微笑。

2. He grudgingly agreed to help us. 他勉強同意幫助我們。

3. She always grinds her teeth when she"s grudge someone. 她對某人懷恨時總是咬牙切齒。

4. She grudges nothing for her child. 她毫不吝惜為孩子所做的一切。

5. He grudgingly admitted that he had made a mistake. 他勉強承認自己犯了錯誤。

6. She was always grumbling and grudge anything that didn"t go her way. 她總是抱怨，對任何不如意的事情都心懷怨恨。

7. She grudged spending money on herself. 她對自己花錢很吝嗇。

英文小作文：

I always feel that I am not appreciated enough by my boss, and I am forced to work hard to compensate for his lack of recognition. However, I am not sure if my efforts are truly appreciated by him, and I am starting to feel a bit grudge towards him. I know that this is not healthy, but I am not sure how to overcome this feeling.

Perhaps it is time for me to take a step back and evaluate my relationship with my boss, and try to understand his perspective and needs. Maybe he is just busy and doesn"t have the time to appreciate my efforts, or maybe he truly appreciates what I do but just doesn"t express it in words. Whatever the case may be, I need to approach this situation with an open mind and try to find a way to reconcile my feelings and work towards a better relationship with my boss. In the end, I believe that if I can approach this issue with an open mind and work towards a positive outcome, it will ultimately be worth it in the long run.